What is International Shipping?
International shipping means the transfer of passenger or commodity as freight between the two countries; The two countries may have land, sea or air border. Transport and distribution play an important role in international trade. Companies need to choose the right transportation method to ensure the efficiency and cost -effectiveness of their packages. There are various factors that affect the company's decision on the type of transportation. These factors can be commercial needs, destination country and type of commodity.
Introduction to International International Transportation Laws
International Transport Company is a legal personality formed to carry out international transport operations, including forward -looking and carriers activities.
forward activity is the action of coordination and arrangement of transportation of goods to one through different ground, air, sea or a combination of them and acceptance of responsibility by the issuing bill and contracts. A company that is active in this field is not called forward.
International Transportation Methods
International Transportation Methods
Businessmen must agree on a transportation method according to the terms and conditions of the goods. The general way of the international transportation method is discussed in commerce:
- حمل و نقل دریایی
- حمل و نقل جاده ای
- حمل و نقل هوایی
- حمل و نقل ریلی
- حمل و نقل مرکب
What is the shipment of dangerous goods?
All international vehicles carrying hazardous goods must pass certain tests and obtain a permit for carriage of dangerous goods. The list of hazardous goods varies in any country and the product may be part of the hazardous goods, but after a specific period, it will be removed from the list of dangerous goods.
are generally the list of these goods as follows:
explosives, corrosive materials, flammable materials, gases, oxidizing materials, radioactive materials, toxic materials and weapons.
international shipping
is a commodity that is not affordable in a container due to its low weight or volume and is shipped as a small carrier. Crushed transportation in the field of international transport is very common and is very much done. In this method of transportation, due to the low volume and weight of the goods, the load is jointly shipped with the goods of others in a container. This will reduce the cost of shipping. But usually the timing of the shipment is higher than that of high volume goods. This is called "ghostage".
Regular Program on International Loading
International Transport: International transport, like other types of transport, is issued. That is, the cargo carried from one point to another by the trailer has a bill of lading, which includes the following points
- -مشخصات و نشانى ارسالکننده کالا
- -مبداء ارسال کالا
- -مشخصات و نشانى گيرنده کالا
- تعداد بستهها و اندازه و وزن کالا-
- نوع کالا-
- مقصد و محل وصول کالا-
- نرخ کرايه حمل و نقل-
- انواع سيستم حمل و نقل بین المللی
Rail Transport
This method plays an average role in the international freight trade, so railway facilities can be used publicly. The development of railway lines plays an important role in the development of international transfers. Iran Railway Company in the field of international transport in accordance with its existing and expanding facilities and on the basis of concluded agreements, all services related to the transportation of all kinds of export, import and transit goods from Russian stations and border stations to all stations. TEA does.
Maritime Transportation
This type of freight in international trade accounts for about 90 % of international transportation. Transmission is about six million tons of commodities in terms of tannage, about one -third of which are oils and one -third of bulk and dry goods and the rest are non -bulk goods. It is international efficient. Cargo transportation can be considered as the main tool of business development and the supply of international needs of economic activists.
land and road transport
This method can be divided into two categories:
1- In the range of a country called internal.
2- Between two or more countries called international
This type of method, like other load displacement methods, is classified into the following three sections, construction, vehicles and operations. Climate and road traffic also has a significant impact on the speed of action, accuracy and security. This type of transportation has activities such as road tolls and taxes and fuel taxes on highway transportation include activities that control the transportation system. The same as other shipping processes issued a bill of lading.
Air Transport
is one of the most reliable ways to carry freight. In the modern era, which is of great value and in a vast country such as Iran where there are many intervals between cities, this method plays an important role in the international field. The air method includes aircraft rent, airport land services and the closure of the package, goods or goods in various industrial and non -industrial fields to customers or other clients and servers.
International Transport Conventions
CMR Convention: This Convention is established to pay for the staff and staff of the International Company and must be paid for their rights within a specified period. This causes their rights not to be trampled on and more accurately moving the goods.
TIR Convention: This Convention has been created for international transport companies that move and transport goods from the country's land.
Freight Terms in International Transport
You must first determine how much time is to be taken. Long distances may be more affordable than short distances. Check that you can pay a better price based on the distance. How to combine the distances and in terms of distance, internal and external distances are different. Cars are also different; Some machines are weak and some strong killers. Sometimes it doesn't matter to the customer that the car is old or inappropriate; But in external purposes it is not possible and the car must be suitable for transit appropriate